外國風(fēng)土人情（英語(yǔ)）

澳洲風(fēng)土人情 在你到達澳大利亞之前，你也許已經(jīng)從書(shū)上、澳洲回來(lái)的旅游者那里或是你的親戚朋友的經(jīng)驗得知澳洲或澳洲人是什么樣的。你會(huì )發(fā)現這些觀(guān)點(diǎn)是部分正確，部分錯誤的－就像你會(huì )認為一些澳洲人對你的國家的一些看法有時(shí)會(huì )被很奇怪的歪曲了一樣。澳洲各個(gè)地方的風(fēng)土人情差別很大，人們的道德觀(guān)念也有很大差異，所以有時(shí)很難接受一些陳舊的觀(guān)念。你會(huì )發(fā)現你在不斷的比較澳洲和你自己的國家，各自不同的行為方式。開(kāi)始你會(huì )感到很難適應或感到不滿(mǎn)，漸漸的你會(huì )理解澳洲人的行為方式并且去鑒別什么是好的，什么是壞的。 充分利用你的時(shí)間去了解這里的環(huán)境和這里的人。最基本的是要和澳洲人相處融洽。下面一些觀(guān)點(diǎn)也許會(huì )幫助你去了解澳洲人什么樣和怎樣去和他們成功的相處。 尊敬 澳洲人很自豪的稱(chēng)自己為'平等主義者'。事實(shí)確實(shí)是這樣，談話(huà)非常隨便。比如：學(xué)生通常稱(chēng)呼老師的名字，態(tài)度也不象我們理所當然認為的尊敬。 但另一方面，他們對待其他人也是同樣的友好和不正式：秘書(shū)，實(shí)驗室的技師，圖書(shū)管理員和清潔工；公共汽車(chē)和出租車(chē)司機；售貨員和銀行職員－這些人都給學(xué)生提供服務(wù)但不是'傭人'。他們中的許多人都是很有資歷和經(jīng)驗的，如果你認為他們低人一等，他們會(huì )非常不滿(mǎn)。所以，作為一個(gè)對澳洲社會(huì )很陌生的人，最聰明的辦法就是對每個(gè)人都表現友好和給予尊敬。 談話(huà) 澳洲人說(shuō)話(huà)非常直率，有時(shí)甚至是粗魯。你也許會(huì )被一句很普通的罵人話(huà)或說(shuō)話(huà)的方式觸怒；比如，一個(gè)完全陌生的人稱(chēng)呼你為'哥們兒'；經(jīng)常用演講的說(shuō)話(huà)方式來(lái)體現他們的容易接近。有時(shí)他們的幽默和玩笑聽(tīng)起來(lái)非常怪異。他們的話(huà)語(yǔ)有時(shí)讓人覺(jué)得失望，但是請認真聽(tīng)，不要很快就反感。去觀(guān)察他們互相怎樣交談，怎樣反應，去感覺(jué)他們的幽默。你不用特意去學(xué)他們，但是你需要去理解他們交談中暗含的意思。 你應該會(huì )注意到澳洲人經(jīng)常用'請'和'謝謝'，而且會(huì )出現在不同的場(chǎng)合，所以你也應該經(jīng)常用這些詞。總的來(lái)說(shuō)，當你要求什么的時(shí)候，要用'請'，無(wú)論是物品，信息或服務(wù)；當你接收這些的時(shí)候，要用'謝謝'。比如，在商店，咖啡廳或銀行，你通常會(huì )感謝給你提供服務(wù)的人。澳洲人經(jīng)常會(huì )認為外國人很粗魯傲慢，因為他們沒(méi)有用這些禮貌用語(yǔ)，并且提出要求的時(shí)候用的是非常生硬的語(yǔ)言。外國學(xué)生經(jīng)常僅僅是去費盡力氣去說(shuō)而澳洲人往往會(huì )誤解你。如果你能做到禮貌的去問(wèn)問(wèn)題和感謝別人給予的幫助，你會(huì )避免這些問(wèn)題，因為他們會(huì )認識到你已經(jīng)盡力了。 特殊的情況 有一些情況會(huì )使澳洲人對外國人產(chǎn)生反感，如：不按秩序排隊，和朋友去酒吧。 許多情況下人們需要排隊等候某項服務(wù)－在郵局或公共汽車(chē)站－澳洲人一般不會(huì )排成一個(gè)很明顯的隊，但是很明確自己站在什么位置。一個(gè)不明情況的外國人很可能沒(méi)有注意到，而認為柜臺開(kāi)門(mén)或者汽車(chē)進(jìn)站的時(shí)候，誰(shuí)都可以往前擠。這樣很可能導致別人對你的不滿(mǎn)甚至會(huì )粗暴的批評你。所以，一直等候直到輪到你，在你后面的人一樣會(huì )守秩序。 在酒吧按照秩序叫飲料也是一個(gè)規矩。如果你被一群澳洲朋友邀請在酒吧聚會(huì )，其中一人會(huì )'叫'飲料給在座的每一個(gè)人，他或她會(huì )叫并且付錢(qián)。你可以依自己的喜好點(diǎn)啤酒，澄汁或可樂(lè )，你必須接收并讓那個(gè)人付錢(qián)。當這些飲料喝完了以后，另外一個(gè)人會(huì )叫并且付錢(qián)，很快就會(huì )輪到你了。如果你不想叫，只要實(shí)話(huà)實(shí)說(shuō)就可以了，這沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，但是不要在快輪到你的時(shí)候離開(kāi)，這將是很不禮貌的。所以參加一小群人的聚會(huì )并且在參加之前大概算一算要花多少錢(qián)。記住：每一輪都要求自己付錢(qián)也是不對的，這種輪著(zhù)'叫'的秩序是被嚴格的遵守著(zhù)的。 尊重長(cháng)輩 澳洲人對長(cháng)輩都會(huì )表現出尊重，但是不會(huì )象亞洲國家那樣正式。他們會(huì )在汽車(chē)上給老年人讓座，或為比自己年紀大的親戚或朋友提包，但是不會(huì )為他們提公文包或對他們的哥哥姐姐表現特殊的尊敬。在家里，和父母爭吵是很平常的事情；在學(xué)校，學(xué)生經(jīng)常會(huì )反問(wèn)老師；在大學(xué)，老師很希望學(xué)生對他們的演講或課本提出批評。不同的人有不同的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，他們有權力有禮貌的表達出來(lái)。討論是很有價(jià)值的，如果你不能確定在這種場(chǎng)合如何表現你自己，那么就坐下來(lái)認真看和聽(tīng)，然后再加入進(jìn)去。 個(gè)人關(guān)系 和其他學(xué)生或朋友的人際關(guān)系會(huì )和你在自己的國家大不相同。但是你不必去改變自己，這樣你會(huì )感到很難受；如果你不希望去做，你可以拒絕別人的要求，因為他們會(huì )尊重你的意見(jiàn)。在澳大利亞，男女同學(xué)一起去看電影或聽(tīng)音樂(lè )會(huì )被看作是一件很平常的事情，不會(huì )有人認為你們有什么特殊的關(guān)系。但是更多的是一群人一起活動(dòng)，這樣你就更容易掌握自己。 如果你在人際關(guān)系上遇到麻煩，你最好能從別人那里尋求一些意見(jiàn)和幫助－向朋友，學(xué)校的咨詢(xún)員，你的課程協(xié)調員尋求幫助。澳洲人尊重他人的隱私，如果你沒(méi)有要求，別人不會(huì )干涉你的生活或主動(dòng)給你建議。所以，去尋求幫助，不要試圖去掩飾不安，那樣會(huì )使事情越來(lái)越嚴重－在別人的幫助下，問(wèn)題往往會(huì )很快的解決。 如何表現 澳洲人希望你能獨立。你不提出他們不會(huì )給你幫助；但是你一旦提出，他們會(huì )盡力幫助你。關(guān)鍵的是你自己邁出第一步。 不干涉他人隱私的習慣在日常談話(huà)中也能體現出來(lái)。比如。如果你不是很了解一個(gè)人，一般你最好只談一些很隨便的話(huà)題，如果你第一次見(jiàn)到一個(gè)人，就問(wèn)他的收入，年齡，房租等問(wèn)題，他會(huì )感到很驚訝。如果你對這些問(wèn)題很好奇，你可以換一個(gè)方式，比如：這個(gè)城市的房租貴嗎？或者一般澳大利亞家庭有幾個(gè)孩子？。 作為一個(gè)對這個(gè)國家比較陌生的人，你最好避免談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)澳洲政治方面的問(wèn)題或是直接批評澳洲－至少在最開(kāi)始，讓他們自己去批評，你只要保持你自己的想法。 記住每個(gè)國家的風(fēng)俗習慣是不同的，有些方面是普遍的，相同的。一定要有禮貌，當你們之間交流出現問(wèn)題或是有誤解的時(shí)候，好的舉止甚至一個(gè)微笑會(huì )使你們更容易溝通。人們會(huì )幫助你，但是一定是你先提出要求。只要你盡力了，他們會(huì )忽視你語(yǔ)言中的錯誤和你的舉止。仔細聽(tīng)別人怎樣說(shuō)，看別人怎樣做，然后參加進(jìn)去。不要因為怕出錯就退縮或是在一旁保持沉默。錯了，然后從別人那里去學(xué)，是你學(xué)習過(guò)程中非常重要的一部分。 澳大利亞大型活動(dòng): 澳大利亞皇家農展會(huì )，特產(chǎn)，游樂(lè )，特技，娛樂(lè )，傳統（每年四月上旬開(kāi)始） 皇家農展會(huì )是澳大利亞的一項獨特的傳統的大型國家級農業(yè)展覽會(huì )，自從奧林匹克公園建成以來(lái)，農展舉行的地址以改在奧林匹克公園，每年四月上旬開(kāi)始，為期兩個(gè)星期。她的性質(zhì)已以?shī)蕵?lè )為主，除了傳統的農場(chǎng)動(dòng)物，農作物，土特產(chǎn)，藝術(shù)品展覽買(mǎi)賣(mài)外，還有傳統的農業(yè)技術(shù)表演，如剪羊毛特技，自動(dòng)化擠奶，自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)牛奶，砍樹(shù)樁特技表演，馬技特技表演，狗賽，豬賽，農場(chǎng)動(dòng)物特技表演，更配有各種大型的游樂(lè )場(chǎng)所具有的大型游樂(lè )設備及各種游樂(lè )活動(dòng)（如賽車(chē)，魔術(shù)，小品表演，煙花表演等）讓大家?jiàn)蕵?lè )。 Australian customs in Australia before you arrived, you may have from the book, Australia where tourists come back to your relatives or friends of the experience in Australia or Australians what kind of. You will find some of these views is correct. some of the wrong - just as you would think that some of the Australians of your country's views sometimes be very strange distortion of the same . Australia each of the local customs vary greatly, people's moral values are very different. So sometimes difficult to accept some of the outdated concept. You will find that you continuously compare Australia and your own country, their own behavior. You will begin to meet or find it hard to feel aggrieved gradually you will understand the behavior of Australians and to identify what is good and what is bad. Take full advantage of your time to understand the environment here and the people here. Is the most basic and Australians living together harmoniously. Some of the points below may help you to understand the Australians and what kind and how successful they live. Australians respect very proud of himself for the 'egalitarian' is. It is true this conversation very casually. For example : Students usually call the teacher's name, not attitude, as we obviously think that respect. But on the other hand, they treat other people is equally friendly and formal : Clerk, laboratory technicians, librarians and cleaners; bus and taxi drivers; salespersons and bank staff - those who gave students provide services but not 'servants'. Many of them who are very qualifications and experience, if you think they inferior, they will be very dissatisfied. Thus, as one pair of Australian society is very strange person, the most intelligent approach is to each individual performance of friendship and respect given. Australians talk very candidly speak, and sometimes even rude. You may be a very common curse words or words of anger; For example, a complete stranger who call you 'buddy'; Frequent use of the words kind of speech embodied their accessible. Sometimes the humor and jokes sounds very strange. Their words sometimes make people feel disappointed, but please listen and not on the offensive soon. Observing how they talked to each other, how to react to feel their humor. You do not have to go out of our way to learn them, but you need to understand their conversation implied meaning. You should note Australians often uses the word 'please' and 'thank you', but will appear in different occasions, Therefore, you should always use these words. Generally speaking, when you ask for the time, with 'Please', both articles, information or services; When you receive such a time, with 'Thank you'. For example, in shops, cafes or a bank, you normally thanks to you people providing services. Australians often think foreigners very rude arrogance, because they did not use polite language, and the time the request is using the very blunt language. Foreign students often only thought is to go and effort Australians often misunderstood you. If you can do the courtesy to ask questions and give thanks to the help of other people, you will avoid these problems, because they will realize that you have worked hard the. Special circumstances some of the Australians will have a resentment against foreigners, such as : not by the order of the queue, and friends went to the bars. Many cases people need to wait for a particular service-the post office or bus station-Australians generally not arranged in a very Obviously the team, but our position is very clear what position. One of the unidentified foreigners may not noticed, and that is counter to open the door or the metro car, anyone can forge crowded. This might lead to others of your dissatisfaction or even rudely criticize you. Thus, all waiting until your turn, the people behind you will be the same order. In a bar in accordance with the order is a drink called the rules. If you have been invited a group of Australian friends gathered in a bar, one of whom will be 'called' drinks to everyone here. He or she will call and pay. You can according to their own preferences point beer, cola Cheng Squeeze, you have to accept that and allow individuals to pay. When these drinks herself after, another one will be called and pay, they will quickly turn to you. If you do not want to ask, if we can call a spade a spade, this is no problem, but not a quick turn when you leave, This will be very discourteous. So in a small group of people gathering and participating in the count before about how much money to spend. Remember : each one requires its own pay is not correct, this round of a 'call' the order was strictly observed by. Respect for the elders of elders Australians will show respect, but not as formal as the Asian countries. They will be in the car for the aged, Sign, or older than their relatives or friends handbag, But not to mention their briefcase or their brother and sister performance of special respect. At home, parents quarrel and is a very normal thing. In schools, students often ask teachers; At the universities, teachers hope the students on their speech or textbook critics. Different people have different points of view, they have the power to cast their expression. Discussion is of great value, if you can not determine how such an occasion in your own performance. So given a good look and listen, then joined into account. Personal relations and other students or friends of interpersonal relationships and in your own country, very different. But you do not have to change themselves, you will find this hard; If you do not want to do, you can refuse the request of others, because they will respect your views. In Australia, men and women students go to a movie or concert is seen as a very normal thing, Some people think that you will not have any special relationship. But more of a group of people together, so that you can more easily control their own. If you interpersonal encounter trouble, you are the best people can seek advice and help-friends, school counselors, your curriculum coordinator for help. Australians respect for the privacy of others, if you do not, others will not interfere with your life or you take the initiative to propose. Therefore, to seek help, not to try to conceal unease, so that things will become more and more serious-in other people's help, usually quickly resolved. How the performance of the Australians hope you can become independent. You do not move they are not going to help you; But you once, they will do our best to help you. The key is that you take the first step. Non-interference in the privacy of others in the habit of daily conversation can be demonstrated. For example. If you do not know much about a person, you generally only the very best casual topic. If the first time you see a person and asked him to the income, age, rent and other issues, he would be surprised. If you are curious about these problems, you can change to a form, for example : The city's rent expensive? or general Australian families had many children? . As a country of the unfamiliar, your best to avoid talking about the Australian political issues or direct criticism of Australia-at least in the beginning. allowing them to criticism, as long as you maintain your own thoughts. Remember the customs of each country is different, some aspects are universal, the same. Must be polite, when you exchange problems or misunderstanding, good behavior or even a smile you will communicate more easily. People will help you, but you must first request. As long as you work, they will ignore you in the wrong language and your demeanor. Carefully listen to what other people say, watch other people what to do and then get. Not because of the fear that a mistake on the side of the retreat or remain silent. Wrong, then others there to learn, you have the learning process is very important part. Australian major events : Royal Australian agricultural exhibitions and product, pleasure, acrobats, entertainment, traditional (annually beginning in early April) Royal Agricultural Show is one of Australia's unique tradition of large national agricultural exhibition , since the Olympic Park has been completed, agricultural development to address the change in the Olympic Park, in early April each year. for a period of two weeks. She has been the nature of the entertainment-based, in addition to the traditional farm animals, crops, native products, the sale of works of art exhibitions, traditional agricultural technologies performances, such as sheep shearing stunts milking automation, automated production of milk. Hom tree stump stunt performers, stunt performers Ma and technology, competition dogs, pigs tournament, farm animal stunt performances, more equipped with all kinds of large playgrounds with a large play equipment and various recreational activities (such as car racing, magic and variety shows, fireworks display, etc.) so that everyone entertainment.